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@ 2022-09-22T09:49:41Z

<?php

function hinted(array $a, StdClass $b): int
{
 return count($a);
}

function unhinted($a, $b)
{
  return count($a);
}

$max = 10000000;
$a = array(1,2,3,4);
$b = new StdClass();
$b->foo = "bar";

// run unhinted test first to cause any possible cold startup effects to hit it more to make this as fair as possible for hinted code
$start = microtime(true);
for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++)
  $rv = unhinted($a, $b);
$elapsed_unhinted = microtime(true) - $start;
printf("unhinted: Elapsed %.2f seconds\n", $elapsed_unhinted);

$start = microtime(true);
for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++)
  $rv = hinted($a, $b);
$elapsed_hinted = microtime(true) - $start;
printf("hinted: Elapsed %.2f seconds\n", $elapsed_hinted);

if ($elapsed_unhinted > 0)
{
  $overhead = $elapsed_hinted / $elapsed_unhinted;
  if ($overhead <= 1.0)
    printf("No overhead for hinted signature, factor=%.2\n", $overhead);
  else
    printf("Type hinting causes %d %% overhead for small functions.\n", round(100*($overhead - 1.0)));
}

Output for git.master: unhinted: Elapsed 0.14 seconds hinted: Elapsed 0.18 seconds Type hinting causes 25 % overhead for small functions.
Output for git.master_jit: unhinted: Elapsed 0.14 seconds hinted: Elapsed 0.40 seconds Type hinting causes 185 % overhead for small functions.
Output for rfc.property-hooks: unhinted: Elapsed 0.14 seconds hinted: Elapsed 0.17 seconds Type hinting causes 27 % overhead for small functions.

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2022-12-01 RFC: Property hooks - included in PHP 8.4
2020-03-21 RFC: Is_Literal - declined
2020-12-04 Enumerations - included in PHP 8.1
2018-06-15 Typed Properties v2 - implemented in PHP 7.4
2016-08-12 Object typehint - included in PHP 7.2
2016-08-14 Arrow functions - withdrawn
2016-05-29 array_change_keys() - withdrawn
2016-04-19 Lexical scope support for anonymous classes - suspended
2016-04-17 Functional Interfaces - declined
2016-03-16 Typed Properties - superseded in favor of Typed Properties 2.0
2015-08-27 Callable Prototypes - declined
2015-05-01 Short Closures - declined / withdrawn in favor of Arrow Functions
2015-02-18 Scalar type hints v5 - included in PHP 7
2015-02-14 Union Types - declined
2013-09-22 Anonymous classes - included in PHP 7

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