<?php class Foo { public $prop; function setStr(string $x) { $this->prop = $x; } function setStrRef(string &$x) { $this->prop = &$x; } function setArray(array $arr) { $this->prop = $arr; } } $foo = new Foo(); $foo->setStr('abc'); var_dump($foo->prop); // "abc" $str = 'def'; // $str is a string $foo->setStrRef($str); var_dump($foo->prop); // "def" $arr = []; $foo->setArray($arr); var_dump($foo->prop); // [] var_dump($str); // [] - surprise! $str is now an array
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