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<?php function replace_array_values(array $data, array $replacements) { $result = []; foreach ($data as $k => $value) { if (array_key_exists($value, $replacements)) { $value = $replacements[$value]; } $result[$k] = $value; } return $result; } $data = array( 'a' => 'A', 'b' => 'B', 'c' => 'C', 'd' => 'D', ); $replacements = array( 'B' => '(B)', 'D' => '(D)', ); $expected_result = array( 'a' => 'A', 'b' => '(B)', 'c' => 'C', 'd' => '(D)', ); var_export($expected_result === replace_array_values($data, $replacements));