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<?php $strings = [ 'the(crow)bar', 'foo()bar', 'handlebar()', '()foofighters', '(foobar)', '()', 'barfood', 'barf(oo', 'fooeybar)', ')foob(', ]; $result = []; foreach ($strings as $string) { $result[$string] = preg_match('~\(([^)]+)\)~', $string, $match) ? $match[1] : ''; } var_export($result);
Output for 7.3.0 - 7.3.33, 7.4.0 - 7.4.33, 8.0.0 - 8.0.30, 8.1.0 - 8.1.33, 8.2.0 - 8.2.29, 8.3.0 - 8.3.27, 8.4.1 - 8.4.14
array ( 'the(crow)bar' => 'crow', 'foo()bar' => '', 'handlebar()' => '', '()foofighters' => '', '(foobar)' => 'foobar', '()' => '', 'barfood' => '', 'barf(oo' => '', 'fooeybar)' => '', ')foob(' => '', )

preferences:
149.02 ms | 407 KiB | 5 Q