Online PHP editor | output for SEdf7

<?php /** * Over-engineered solution to most capitalisation issues. * * Version 1.0 */ class str { /** * Words or abbreviations that should always be all uppercase */ const ALL_UPPERCASE = [ "UK", "VAT", ]; /** * Words or abbreviations that should always be all lowercase */ const ALL_LOWERCASE = [ "and", "as", "by", "in", "of", "or", "to", ]; /** * Honorifics that only contain vowels. * */ const CONSONANT_ONLY_HONORIFICS = [ # English "Mr", "Mrs", "Ms", "Dr", "Br", "Sr", "Fr", "Pr", "St", # Afrikaans "Mnr", ]; /** * Surname prefixes that should be lowercase, * unless not following another word (firstname). */ const SURNAME_PREFIXES = [ "de la", "de las", "van de", "van der", "vit de", "von", "van", "del", "der", ]; /** * Capitalises every (appropriate) word in a given string. * * @param string|null $string * * @return string|null */ public static function capitalise(?string $string): ?string { if(!$string){ return $string; } # Strip away multi-spaces $string = preg_replace("/\s{2,}/", " ", $string); # Ensure there is always a space after a comma $string = preg_replace("/,([^\s])/", ", $1", $string); # A word is anything separated by spaces or a dash $string = preg_replace_callback("/([^\s\-\.]+)/", function($matches){ # Make the word lowercase $word = mb_strtolower($matches[1]); # If the word needs to be all lowercase if(in_array($word, self::ALL_LOWERCASE)){ return strtolower($word); } # If the word needs to be all uppercase if(in_array(mb_strtoupper($word), self::ALL_UPPERCASE)){ return strtoupper($word); } # Create a version without diacritics $transliterator = \Transliterator::createFromRules(':: Any-Latin; :: Latin-ASCII; :: NFD; :: [:Nonspacing Mark:] Remove; :: Lower(); :: NFC;', \Transliterator::FORWARD); $ascii_word = $transliterator->transliterate($word); # If the word contains non-alpha characters (numbers, &, etc), with exceptions (comma, '), assume it's an abbreviation if(preg_match("/[^a-z,']/i", $ascii_word)){ return strtoupper($word); } # If the word doesn't contain any vowels, assume it's an abbreviation if(!preg_match("/[aeiouy]/i", $ascii_word)){ # Unless the word is an honorific if(!in_array(ucfirst($word), self::CONSONANT_ONLY_HONORIFICS)){ return strtoupper($word); } } # If the word contains two of the same vowel and is 3 characters or fewer, assume it's an abbreviation if(strlen($word) <= 3 && preg_match("/([aeiouy])\1/", $word)){ return strtoupper($word); } # Ensure O'Connor, L'Oreal, etc, are double capitalised, with exceptions (d') if(preg_match("/\b([a-z]')(\w+)\b/i", $word, $match)){ # Some prefixes (like d') are not capitalised if(in_array($match[1], ["d'"])){ return $match[1] . ucfirst($match[2]); } # Otherwise, everything is capitalised return strtoupper($match[1]) . ucfirst($match[2]); } # Otherwise, return the word with the first letter (only) capitalised return ucfirst($word); //The most common outcome }, $string); # Cater for the Mc prefix $pattern = "/(Mc)([b-df-hj-np-tv-z])/"; //Mc followed by a consonant $string = preg_replace_callback($pattern, function($matches){ return "Mc" . ucfirst($matches[2]); }, $string); # Cater for Roman numerals (need to be in all caps) $pattern = "/\b((?<![MDCLXVI])(?=[MDCLXVI])M{0,3}(?:C[MD]|D?C{0,3})(?:X[CL]|L?X{0,3})(?:I[XV]|V?I{0,3}))\b/i"; $string = preg_replace_callback($pattern, function($matches){ return strtoupper($matches[1]); }, $string); # Cater for surname prefixes (must be after the Roman numerals) $pattern = "/\b (".implode("|", self::SURNAME_PREFIXES).") \b/i"; //A surname prefix, bookended by words $string = preg_replace_callback($pattern, function($matches){ return strtolower(" {$matches[1]} "); }, $string); # Cater for ordinal numbers $pattern = "/\b(\d+(?:st|nd|rd|th))\b/i"; //A number suffixed with an ordinal $string = preg_replace_callback($pattern, function($matches){ return strtolower($matches[1]); }, $string); # And we're done return $string; } } $complicated_names = " DONALD MCDONALD SINEAD O'CONNOR JOHAN VAN ZYL OSCAR DE LA HOYA P.F. CHANG KFC ST. JOHN DR ZEUZ PROF. GREEN VAN DER BERG THE 3RD SÃO JOÃO DOS SANTOS KING HENRY VII KUJE'S HIGH,ROAD FLUG-HAFEN FLUGIG-O'DONNALD MARY O'CALLAHAN JOHN O'DONALD THE O'CALLAHAN-O'DONALD RESIDENCE 2ND NOVEMBER STREET The 15th king of scotland FCT MICHAEL VIVA GINA C.A. KOTOR DUTCH NAMES van der vaart van vollenhoven van 't zandt van het zand el hamdoie van der Rooi-van Velzen Zuidewijn - van rooien teggelen onder t boven guido op 't drooge friso van drooge Zuidewijn - van rooien teggelen onder t boven ZUID-HOLLAND 's hertogen-bosch De Rooi Van Zuidewijn van onder Van Der Wijk-Zeewuster de Vries-van der Leest Den Oudsten - van 't Veldt Hare Koninklijke Hoogheid Alexia Juliana Marcela Laurentien Prinses der Nederlanden, Prinses van Oranje-Nassau Hare Koninklijke Hoogheid Máxima, Prinses der Nederlanden, Prinses van Oranje-Nassau, Mevrouw van Amsberg van Lippe-Biesterfeld van Vollenhoven "; var_dump(str::capitalise($complicated_names));