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<?php $string = 'Zoë'; var_dump(substr($string, -1)); var_dump(mb_substr($string, -1)); var_dump(grapheme_substr($string, -1));
Finding entry points
Branch analysis from position: 0
1 jumps found. (Code = 62) Position 1 = -2
filename:       /in/IMoWQ
function name:  (null)
number of ops:  23
compiled vars:  !0 = $string
line      #* E I O op                           fetch          ext  return  operands
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    3     0  E >   ASSIGN                                                   !0, 'Zoe%CC%88'
    5     1        INIT_FCALL                                               'var_dump'
          2        INIT_FCALL                                               'substr'
          3        SEND_VAR                                                 !0
          4        SEND_VAL                                                 -1
          5        DO_ICALL                                         $2      
          6        SEND_VAR                                                 $2
          7        DO_ICALL                                                 
    6     8        INIT_FCALL                                               'var_dump'
          9        INIT_FCALL                                               'mb_substr'
         10        SEND_VAR                                                 !0
         11        SEND_VAL                                                 -1
         12        DO_ICALL                                         $4      
         13        SEND_VAR                                                 $4
         14        DO_ICALL                                                 
    7    15        INIT_FCALL                                               'var_dump'
         16        INIT_FCALL_BY_NAME                                       'grapheme_substr'
         17        SEND_VAR_EX                                              !0
         18        SEND_VAL_EX                                              -1
         19        DO_FCALL                                      0  $6      
         20        SEND_VAR                                                 $6
         21        DO_ICALL                                                 
         22      > RETURN                                                   1

Generated using Vulcan Logic Dumper, using php 8.0.0


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