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<?php function UTMtoGeog($Easting,$Northing,$UtmZone,$SouthofEquator=false) //Convert UTM Coordinates to Geographic { //Declarations //Symbols as used in USGS PP 1395: Map Projections - A Working Manual $k0 = 0.9996;//scale on central meridian $a = 6378137.0;//equatorial radius, meters. $f = 1/298.2572236;//polar flattening. $b = $a*(1-$f);//polar axis. $e = sqrt(1 - $b*$b/$a*$a);//eccentricity $drad = pi()/180;//Convert degrees to radians) $phi = 0;//latitude (north +, south -), but uses phi in reference $e0 = $e/sqrt(1 - $e*$e);//e prime in reference $lng = 0;//Longitude (e = +, w = -) $lng0 = 0;//longitude of central meridian $lngd = 0;//longitude in degrees $M = 0;//M requires calculation $x = 0;//x coordinate $y = 0;//y coordinate $k = 1;//local scale $zcm = 0;//zone central meridian //End declarations //Convert UTM Coordinates to Geographic $k0 = 0.9996;//scale on central meridian $b = $a*(1-$f);//polar axis. $e = sqrt(1 - ($b/$a)*($b/$a));//eccentricity $e0 = $e/sqrt(1 - $e*$e);//Called e prime in reference $esq =(1 - ($b/$a)*($b/$a));//e squared for use in expansions $e0sq =$e*$e/(1-$e*$e);// e0 squared - always even powers $x = $Easting; if ($x<160000 || $x>840000) echo "Outside permissible range of easting values \n Results may be unreliable \n Use with caution\n"; $y = $Northing; if ($y<0) echo "Negative values not allowed \n Results may be unreliable \n Use with caution\n"; if ($y>10000000) echo "Northing may not exceed 10,000,000 \n Results may be unreliable \n Use with caution\n"; $zcm =3 + 6*($UtmZone-1) - 180;//Central meridian of zone $e1 =(1 - sqrt(1 - $e*$e))/(1 + sqrt(1 - $e*$e));//Called e1 in USGS PP 1395 also $M0 =0;//In case origin other than zero lat - not needed for standard UTM $M =$M0 + $y/$k0;//Arc length along standard meridian. if ($SouthofEquator === true) $M=$M0+($y-10000000)/$k; $mu =$M/($a*(1 - $esq*(1/4 + $esq*(3/64 + 5*$esq/256)))); $phi1 =$mu + $e1*(3/2 - 27*$e1*$e1/32)*sin(2*$mu) + $e1*$e1*(21/16 -55*$e1*$e1/32)*sin(4*$mu);//Footprint Latitude $phi1 =$phi1 + $e1*$e1*$e1*(sin(6*$mu)*151/96 + $e1*sin(8*$mu)*1097/512); $C1 =$e0sq*pow(cos($phi1),2); $T1 =pow(tan($phi1),2); $N1 =$a/sqrt(1-pow($e*sin($phi1),2)); $R1 =$N1*(1-$e*$e)/(1-pow($e*sin($phi1),2)); $D =($x-500000)/($N1*$k0); $phi =($D*$D)*(1/2 - $D*$D*(5 + 3*$T1 + 10*$C1 - 4*$C1*$C1 - 9*$e0sq)/24); $phi =$phi + pow($D,6)*(61 + 90*$T1 + 298*$C1 + 45*$T1*$T1 -252*$e0sq - 3*$C1*$C1)/720; $phi =$phi1 - ($N1*tan($phi1)/$R1)*$phi; //Longitude $lng =$D*(1 + $D*$D*((-1 -2*$T1 -$C1)/6 + $D*$D*(5 - 2*$C1 + 28*$T1 - 3*$C1*$C1 +8*$e0sq + 24*$T1*$T1)/120))/cos($phi1); $lngd = $zcm+$lng/$drad; return array(floor(1000000*$phi/$drad)/1000000,floor(1000000*$lngd)/1000000); //Latitude,Longitude } $r = array(); for ($a = 0; $a < 1; $a = $a + 0.00001) { $utm = UTMtoGeog(377298.745+$a, 1483034.794+$a, 48); $r[] = $utm; }

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