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<?php function documentNotUTF8($content) { $exprs = array( '#<\?xml[^>]+encoding=([\'"])[Uu][Tt][Ff]-8\1#U', '#<meta\s+(?:(?:name\s*=\s*([\'"])http_equiv\1\s*)|(?:content\s*=\s*([\'"])text/html\s*;.*charset\s*=\s*utf-?8.*\2\s*)){2}#Ui', ); foreach ($exprs as $expr) { if ( $match = preg_match($expr, $content) ) { break; } } return (bool) $match; } $content = array( <<<'HTML' <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <META NAME="HTTP_EQUIV" CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF8"> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" bar="baz"?> <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <META CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF-8" NAME="HTTP_EQUIV"> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <META NAME="HTTP_EQUIV" CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <META NAME="HTTP_EQUIV" CONTENT="text/html; stuff=things, charset=UTF-8, otherparam=foo"> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML , <<<'HTML' <HTML>  <HEAD> <TITLE>PHP Manual</TITLE> <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="style.css"> </HEAD> HTML ); foreach ($content as $str) { var_dump(documentNotUTF8($str)); }