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<?php $str = 'e ,a\\,b\\\\,c\\\\\\,ds\\\\'; preg_match_all('/(?:[^\x5c,]|\x5c(?:,|$))+/', $str, $matches); var_dump($matches);
Output for 4.3.0 - 4.3.11, 4.4.0 - 4.4.9, 5.0.0 - 5.0.5, 5.1.0 - 5.1.6, 5.2.0 - 5.2.17, 5.3.0 - 5.3.29, 5.4.0 - 5.4.45, 5.5.24 - 5.5.35, 5.6.7 - 5.6.28, 7.0.0 - 7.0.20, 7.1.0 - 7.1.33, 7.2.0 - 7.2.33, 7.3.0 - 7.3.33, 7.4.0 - 7.4.33, 8.0.0 - 8.0.30, 8.1.0 - 8.1.28, 8.2.0 - 8.2.18, 8.3.0 - 8.3.6
array(1) { [0]=> array(5) { [0]=> string(2) "e " [1]=> string(4) "a\,b" [2]=> string(3) "\,c" [3]=> string(4) "\,ds" [4]=> string(1) "\" } }

preferences:
235.54 ms | 406 KiB | 341 Q